茶在中國
"Tea" has been included in Chinese culture since ancient times as one of the "seven things to open the door": firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar, and tea. It can be seen that the universality and importance of tea drinking in Chinese culture cannot be underestimated.
碧螺春
Biluochun or Bi Luo Chun ( 碧螺春) is a famous green tea originally grown in the Dongting mountain（洞庭山） region near Lake Tai in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. Also known as Pi Lo Chun, it is renowned for its delicate appearance, fruity taste, floral aroma, showy white hairs白毛 and early cropping.
The name Biluochun literally means "green snail spring". It is called so because it is a green tea that is rolled into a tight spiral, resembling snail meat, and is cropped in early spring.
Its original name is Xia Sha Ren Xiang ( 嚇煞人香; "scary fragrance"). Legend tells of its discovery by a tea picker who ran out of space in her basket and put the tea between her breasts instead. The tea, warmed by her body heat, emitted a strong aroma that surprised the girl.
According to the Qing Dynasty chronicle Ye Shi Da Guan《野史大觀》, the Kangxi Emperor visited Lake Tai in the 38th year of his rule. At that time, because of its rich aroma, local people called it "Scary Fragrance". The Kangxi Emperor decided to give it a more elegant name, "Green Snail Spring".
Chinese tea experts regard it very highly. Zhen Jun 震钧(1857 to 1918), author of tea encyclopedia Cha Shuo《茶说》, ranked it first among Chinese green tea. Longjing tea came second, Liu An Gua Pian came third. It is so delicate and tender that one kilogram of Dong Ting Bi Luo Chun consists of 14,000 to 15,000 tea shoots.
Today, Biluochun is cultivated in Dongting Mountains洞庭山 near Lake Tai in Suzhou, Jiangsu. Biluochun from Dong Shan (East Mountain) or Xi Shan (West Mountain) is considered the best. Biluochun is also grown in Zhejiang and Sichuan province. Their leaves are larger and less uniform (may contain yellow leaves). They taste more nutty than fruity and smooth.
Biluochun is divided into seven grades in decreasing order of quality: Supreme至尊, Supreme I至尊一級, Grade I, Grade II, Grade III, Chao Qing I超清一級, and Chao Qing II.
Biluochun tea sticks are tightly knotted and curled into snails, with dense white quilt, silver green and green. Known as the "Three Fresh"三鮮」, 香鮮，味鮮，色鮮it is fragrant, rich, mellow, bright in color, floral and fruity, refreshing, and has a unique charm.
西湖龍井
West Lake Longjing mainly refers to a kind of fried green tea produced in the Longjing area of the West Lake Scenic Area in Hangzhou, China. It is famous for its "color, fragrance, taste and shape"「色、香、味、形」
West Lake Longjing is famous for its "green color, rich fragrance, sweet taste, and beautiful shape":
Green color: tea leaves are emerald green or brownish beige, and the soup is green and clear.
Fragrance: The tea has a refreshing and long-lasting aroma.
Sweet: The taste is sweet and mellow.甘鮮醇和
Beautiful shape: flat and smooth shape, uniform size..
君山銀針
Junshan Silver Needle君山銀針 is a famous tea produced on Junshan Island in Dongting Lake, Hunan, China. It only collects the tea tree buds that have just been extracted and has not yet opened. Because the buds are thinly rolled like needles, it is named Junshan Silver Needle. It is a kind of yellow tea. One of the top ten famous teas in China. The producing area is very small, and the amount of fine shoots is very light, so the yield is very small.
In the Qing Dynasty, Junshan tea was divided into two types: "jian tea"「尖茶」 and "rong tea"「茸茶」. "Jiancha" is like a tea sword, white and hairy, and it is called tribute tea貢茶, so called "gongjian"「貢尖」.
After brewing the yellow tea, the bud tip is very light. After being brewed and opened, the roots will stand upright in the cup, like a "knife mountain and sword tunnel"「刀山劍硭」, and move up and down. The buds are very tender, and the remaining tea can be eaten after drinking the tea.
婺州舉岩茶
Wuzhou Juyan, also known as Jinhua Juyan金華舉岩（浙江省金華市）, is known as "Xiangfu Biru"“香浮碧乳” and "Wuzhou Biru" “婺州碧乳”in history. It is named because the color of its tea soup is like blue milk. It is called Juyan, which is said to be named because of the exquisite peaks and overlapping huge rocks in the place of origin. The tea sticks in the shape of Juyan are tight, straight and slightly flat, with a long-lasting fragrance and a fragrant pollen fragrance. It has the functions of relieving fatigue, producing body fluid and quenching thirst, refreshing the body and relieving heat and trouble.
Jinhua was called Wuzhou in ancient times. The rock tea in Wuzhou is entangled in Jinhua County. Located in the north of Chengbei, Jinhua Mountain has an altitude of 150-1200 meters and stretches for 250 square kilometers. It lies on the land of ancient Wu like a long dragon. It has always been famous for its famous mountains, karst caves, and forest landscapes.
The towering peaks of Jinhua Mountain, the vast sea of forests, the winding springs, the clouds and trees, the karst caves, and the temples are famous for their glory. It is a famous scenic spot and is known as the eternal mountain.
Wuzhou Juyan Tea is originally produced in the North Mountain of Jinhua, where the mountains are undulating, the forests are dense, the clouds are vast, and the caves are strange, with unique landscapes of water and stone wonders, wind and fog wonders and cave heavens.
Wuzhou Juyan Tea, also known as Jinhua Juyan, is a semi-roasted green tea produced in Beishan Village北山村, Jinhua, Zhejiang. The origin of the peak stone is strange, and the huge rock stands tall. This stone is like a fairy-lifted one, so the name of the tea produced here is "Juyan Tea".
Quality characteristics
The quality characteristics of Juyan tea are: the shape of the tea sticks is tight and flat, the velvet is faintly visible, and the color is silver and white; the fragrance is long-lasting, has a pollen fragrance, and the taste is fresh and mellow; the soup is bright and green, and the bottom of the leaf is tender and green.
安溪鐵觀音
Xiping Town安溪西坪鎮, Anxi is the birthplace of the famous Tieguanyin.
The processing of Tieguanyin tea is complex and requires expertise. Even if the tea leaf is of high raw quality and is plucked at the ideal time, if it is not processed correctly, its true character will not be shown. This is why the method of processing Tieguanyin tea was kept a secret.
plucking tea leaves (采青) sun withering ( 晒青) cooling ( 乾青) tossing (搖青) withering, this includes some oxidation. (萎凋) fixation ( 打青) rolling (揉捻) drying (烘乾)
After drying some teas go through the added processes of roasting and scenting.香味的附加。
Anxi Tieguanyin Tea 安溪鉄観音 – Recently, this oolong is typically close to a green tea, with only a little oxidation.[2] With a very flowery and fresh delicate aroma character, the tea liquid is golden yellow.[3] In the past, the tea was traditionally more heavily roasted.
Muzha Tieguanyin Tea 木柵鉄観音 – This traditional oolong is roasted and has a stronger taste and with roast nutty character; the tea liquid is reddish brown.
In Taiwan, the name Iron Goddess Tea is also used to describe a type of oolong tea that is roasted using the Iron Goddess Tea method, regardless of the type of tea leaves used. Therefore, Taiwanese Iron Goddess Tea could be made with Iron Goddess Tea leaves, or without.[citation needed]
Market value
The top varieties of Tieguanyin rank among the most expensive tea in the world, with one variety reportedly sold at around 3000 USD per kilogram. According to one source, it set the record for most expensive tea ever sold in the United Kingdom. However, that variety of Tieguanyin did not outsell a rarer Da Hong Pao oolong, which is the most expensive tea sold on the global market.
Huangshan Maofeng, green tea, is a famous Chinese tea. Because of its excellent color, aroma, taste and shape, and unique quality and flavor, it was named the "Top Ten Famous Teas" by the China Tea Company in 1955 and was awarded the Ministry of Commerce of China in 1982. The title of "Famous Tea" was awarded the "Certificate of Honor" by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of China in 1983, and was designated as "Gift Tea" by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China in 1986.
黃山毛峰
Huangshan Maofeng, green tea, is a famous Chinese tea. Because of its excellent color, aroma, taste and shape, and unique quality and flavor, it was named the "Top Ten Famous Teas" by the China Tea Company in 1955 and was awarded the Ministry of Commerce of China in 1982. The title of "Famous Tea" was awarded the "Certificate of Honor" by the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation of China in 1983, and was designated as "Gift Tea"「禮品茶」 by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China in 1986.
Huangshan Maofeng is produced in the beautiful Huangshan Mountain in Anhui, China, in the Huangshan Mountain Scenic Area and the adjacent areas of Tangkou, Chongchuan, Gangcun, Fangcun, Yangcun, and Changtan, including Taohua Peak, Yungu Temple, Ciguang Pavilion, Diaoqiao Temple, The quality of Gangcun and Chongchuan桃花峰、雲谷寺、慈光閣、釣橋庵、崗村、充川 are the best. The shape of the finished tea is delicate and flat, with a few sharp edges, and the color is oily and smooth. The mist in the brewing cup is around the top, the taste is mellow and sweet, and the fragrance is lasting.
Huangshan Maofeng was successfully developed in 1875 by Huizhou businessman Xie Zhengan 徽州謝正安in Fuxi Village, She County. Xie Zhengan was originally from a wealthy family, but later hid in the Chongshanyuan of Fuxi Village due to the war. In order to revive his family business, he led his family to take care of the tea plantation, picking fresh leaves, and carefully crafted a batch of tea leaves in the shape of sparrows and shipped them to Shanghai for sale. He named it after the tea shape, "the white hairs are covered with the body, and the buds are like peaks."「白毫披身，芽尖似峰」 He is named Huangshan Maofeng.
六安瓜片
Lu'an melon slices are produced in Qishan 齊山and other places in the Lu'an area of Anhui Province. Among them, Lu'an and its subordinate Jinzhai County and Huoshan County六安及下屬金寨縣和霍山縣 are the best ones. One of the top ten famous teas in China. It first originated in Qishan Village in Jinzhai County, and now the best quality is produced in the Bat Cave蝙蝠洞 area of Qishan Village, so it is also known as "Qishan Melon Slices".
The tea production in Lu'an has a long history. In the tea notes, Xu Cishu mentioned in the tea notes that "the famous mountains in the world must produce spiritual grass. The warm ground in the south of the Yangtze River makes tea unique. The north of the big river is called Lu'an."「天下名山，必產靈草。江南地暖，故獨有茶。大江以北，則稱六安」
Although Lu'an tea has been cultivated for a long time, the production of Lu'an melon slices is a matter of nearly a hundred years. It is difficult to distinguish between the false and the true in folklore, but there are three points that can be determined: first, the melon slices in Lu'an came out around 1905; second, the melon slices are produced near Qitou Mountain in Jinzhai County金寨縣齊頭山; third, the extraction technology is based on the big tea. The production technology of orchid tea and Maojian was gradually created.
Lu'an melon slices look like melon seeds, have emerald green color, high aroma, delicious taste, and resistance to brewing. Piancha refers to a tea variety made entirely of leaves without buds and stems. When tea is made, the mist evaporates and the fragrance overflows. It is also known as "Qishan Yunwu Melon Slices"「齊山雲霧瓜片」.
祁門工夫紅茶
Qimen Gongfu Black Tea
Qimen black tea, also known as Qimen Gongfu black tea, has the aroma of rose and apple and green apricot. It is produced in Qimen County, Huangshan City, Anhui, East China. The only black tea among China's top ten famous teas.
Origin
"Anhui Tea Classic" written by 陳椽《安徽茶經》(published by Anhui Science and Technology Publishing House in 1960), which stated that "In fact, the Qihong producing area is not just Qimen, but in the past it included Zhide (Dongzhi) and Fuliang至德(東至)和浮梁. Covering 60,000 square miles of mountainous land....Later, the production area expanded to Shitai, Dongliu, and the area north of Yuting in Yixian County in Anhui, and to Poyang and Leping County in Jiangxi.石台、東流和黟縣漁亭鄱陽、樂平等縣 The production area crossed the two provinces. In the vast area of the eight counties, the black tea produced is collectively referred to as "Qihong"... After 1949, in order to develop black tea production, Jiangxi designated Fuliang, Poyang, and Leping as new black tea areas, with Fuliang as the center, producing "Fuhong"『浮紅』 As a result, the "Qihong" tea area has shrunk, and now only Dongzhi (formerly to Germany and Dongliu merged), Yixian, Qimen, Shitai and other counties in Anhui remain."
Qimen black tea was derived during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, but the origin theory is different in Qimen and Chizhou. Before the spin-off, only green tea was made in Anhui Province, which was known as "An Green". In the origin of each legend, there are county chronicles that record the origin of Qimen black tea. Generally speaking, it is the consensus of the Anhui tea makers during that period, and they learned from each other in improving the technology and taste. Therefore, it does not matter whether Qi Hong originated in Qimen or Chizhou.
After 1949, Qimen black tea was produced in Qimen, Dongzhi, and Chizhou. The biggest feature of Qihong is that it is blended from various teas. Therefore, the concept of small-producing area tea cannot be used to apply the name of the place of production.
Now, in addition to Qi Infrared produced in Qimen County, Anhui, there is also a 70-year-old factory in Chizhou by the Qiupu River, Anhui Guorun Tea Co., Ltd., which retains the unbroken taste of Qimen incense.
Flavor
Qimen black tea has a fruity fragrance, pine wood (like Lapsang Souchong正山小種) and floral fragrance, but it is not as gorgeous as the fragrance of Darjeeling black tea大吉嶺紅茶, so it is also called "Qimenxiang"「祁門香」. The caffeine content of Qimen black tea is lower than that of Assam black tea. Due to the climate and soil, the best tea for making Qimen black tea is from Rongkou of Nanxiang in Qimen to Xin'an and Likou of Xixiang.祁門南鄉溶口至西鄉新安、歷口
Generally, Qimen black tea is suitable for drinking without milk and sugar, but drinking with milk does not reduce the tea aroma. Qimen black tea is considered one of the most suitable teas for afternoon tea and bedtime tea.
Since the 1980s, Qimen black tea has won many national medals in China, and has become an important tea species for the Chinese government to entertain foreign guests and Chinese tea exports. The main exporting country is the United Kingdom. But since the 1990s, Qimen black tea has been widely criticized. Critics believe that due to raw materials and processing, as well as vicious competition, the quality of Qimen black tea has declined. For economic reasons, many local tea merchants even use the tea grass at the end of the tea season to make black tea. At the same time, due to brand protection and Inadequate supervision and counterfeit products flood the market. Under this pressure, the local government has taken measures to improve the quality, support leading enterprises, and strengthen the certification of origin and trademark registration to promote black tea production.
大红袍
Da Hong Pao (Big Red Robe, 大红袍) is a Wuyi rock tea grown in the Wuyi Mountains of Fujian Province, China. Da Hong Pao has unique orchid fragrance and a long-lasting sweet aftertaste. Dry Da Hong Pao has a shape like tightly knotted ropes or slightly twisted strips, and is green and brown in color. After brewing, the tea is orange-yellow, bright and clear. Da Hong Pao can retain its flavor for nine steepings.
Price and value
The best Da Hong Pao are from the mother Da Hong Pao tea trees. Mother Da Hong Pao tea trees have thousand years of history. There are only 6 mother trees remaining on the stiff cliff of Jiulongyu九龍峪 (Wuyi Mountains), which is considered a rare treasure. Because of its scarcity and superior tea quality, Da Hong Pao is known as the "King of Tea”. It is also often known to be extremely expensive. In 2006, the Wuyi city government insured these 6 mother trees with a value of 100 million RMB. In the same year, the Wuyi city government also decided to prohibit anyone from privately collecting teas from the mother Da Hong Pao tea trees. One of the last batch of Da Hong Pao harvested and made from the mother trees has been collected in the Palace Museum in Beijing. 20g of Da Hong Pao tea from one of the mother plants was sold for ¥208,000 in 2005, it is the highest auction record for Da Hong Pao.
Samples of Da Hong Pao
The majority of Da Hong Pao on the market now are from artificially bred through the asexually produced, which maintained the characteristics of the Da Hong Pao. It is much cheaper than Da Hong Pao from the mother tea trees. The price depends heavily on its quality.
Many tourists who travel in Wuyi Mountain always want to make Wuyi Mountain the most famous
"Da Hong Pao" took it back. But every time when giving someone or drinking tea, someone always asks:
"Is Dahongpao black tea?"
In fact, when it comes to Wuyi Mountain in Fujian, anyone who knows about tea knows that this is the original producing area of black tea. That's right, the earliest black tea in the world was invented by tea farmers in the Wuyishan tea area in Fujian, China during the Ming Dynasty. It is called Lapsang Souchong正山小種. Because of this, when many people see the word "Wuyi Rock Tea", their first reaction is: Ah, I've heard of Wuyi Mountain, the birthplace of black tea, so Wuyi Rock Tea is black tea.
In fact, Wuyi Rock Tea is not black tea, but oolong tea, which is well-known. It has experienced shaking green, semi-fermented green tea, with the fragrance of green tea and the sweetness of black tea. 綠茶之清香、紅茶之甘醇It is the best Chinese oolong tea.
The cultivation of Wuyi Rock Tea is very distinctive. The central area of Wuyi, the Zhengyan District, has many rocks, thin soil layers, few tall trees, and many short trees and bushes. There are many wild four-season orchids, osmanthus and azaleas along the rock walls and streams, so the tea trees here It is not spread all over, but the so-called "one rock and one tea."
老叢水仙茶
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